ಅರ್ಥ : Shrubby tree of the Pacific coast of the United States. Yields cascara sagrada.
ಸಮಾನಾರ್ಥಕ : bearwood, cascara buckthorn, chittamwood, chittimwood, rhamnus purshianus
ಅರ್ಥ : Deciduous shrub of southeastern and central United States.
ಸಮಾನಾರ್ಥಕ : ilex decidua, possum haw, winterberry
ಅರ್ಥ : Chiefly evergreen subshrubs of northern to Arctic areas.